Understanding Lichen Planus

Lichen Planus is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that can impact the mouth, nails, and genitalia, is called Although the precise reason is unknown, potential causes include immunological or allergic reactions, exposure to specific medications, dyes, and other chemicals, as well as illnesses like Hepatitis C.

Rarity and Seasonality –

One out of every 100 persons will eventually get lichen planus. It cannot spread it to other people, and it is not brought on by an infection. Middle-aged men and women are typically affected by lichen planus. Lichen planus on the skin affects men and women equally, but oral (within the mouth) lichen planus is twice as common in women. In very young or very old people, the sickness is uncommon. Although lichen planus isn’t strictly “seasonal” in the sense that it only manifests during specific seasons, some research indicates that its symptoms may intensify or worsen with the changing of the seasons. This is especially true for actinic lichen planus, which is exacerbated by sun exposure and may be more obvious in the summer.

Symptoms of Lichen Planus –

Typical symptoms of Lichen Planus include lacy-white lesions in the mouth that can hurt or cause burning, thin white lines over the rash, purplish coloured bumps or lesions with flat tops on the skin or genitals that develop and spread over the body for several weeks or a few months or itching at the site of the rash, which typically appears on the wrists, lower back, and ankles.

Lichen Planus increase during Covid-19 –

There has been an increased incidence of certain autoimmune disorders post Covid-19 and Lichen Planus can be considered one such immunological disorder that tends to have a slight higher preponderance in the years following covid and has been substantiated in certain academic scientific journals. However, the exact mechanism of this, though not known, can be an immunological trigger that can increase the incidence of Lichen Planus. Approximately 1-2% of the global population is affected by it. A specific type of Lichen Planus known as “Actinic Lichen Planus” can flare up during the summer.

Treatment –

For oral lichen planus, special mouthwashes and sprays can be used to relieve symptoms like burning or sore gums; however, topical corticosteroid creams or ointments are usually used to manage inflammation and itching on the skin, while oral medications such as antihistamines can help with itching and in severe cases, oral steroids may be prescribed. It’s important to consult a healthcare professional for the best treatment plan based on the severity of your condition.

Prevention –

Lichen planus cannot be prevented, but once it has developed, there are things you may do to prevent its progression – Prevention of any skin damage, Using cool compresses rather than scratching, reduction of stress in life helps prevents in progression. Stopping smoking, drinking, proper oral hygiene practice, and staying away from foods that tend to irritate the mouth are also preventive measures to be followed.

Effects if left untreated –

The chronic inflammation caused by lichen planus can cause chronic itching, discomfort, painful sores, scarring, especially in the mouth and genital areas, and in severe cases, an increased risk of oral cancer. Depending on the severity, lichen planus can also have a significant impact on quality of life due to pain and difficulty eating or having sex.

Dr. Sunil Kumar Prabhu, Consultant – Dermatology, Aster RV Hospital